Tor Browser

TOR Browser — The best Browser for online privacy. This thing here is soo private, Even your Government can't know what you're doing. TOR stands for The Onion Routing. This is one of the most popular ways of accessing the Dark and the Deep web and to Circumvent Censorship. TOR browser creates a private connection to any site you access. This way neither the Website, nor the Government know where the Internet traffic is coming from.

• Type of Program: Computer Software
• License: Free and Open-Source
• Latest version: v11
• Developed By: The Tor Project, Inc

History

So, TOR started as a military project. As their own website says:

In the 1990s, the lack of security on the internet and its ability to be used for tracking and surveillance was becoming clear, and in 1995, David Goldschlag, Mike Reed, and Paul Syverson at the U.S. Naval Research Lab (NRL) asked themselves if there was a way to create internet connections that don't reveal who is talking to whom, even to someone monitoring the network. Their answer was to create and deploy the first research designs and prototypes of onion routing.

How does onion routing work?

The internet is based on Requests and their Responses. Whenever You make a Request for some data from a particular website or web server, The website/Server responds with the data(Unless the website is not in happy Mood ofc).
When you make a request through Onion Routing programs, The request is encrypted and directed through different computers worldwide (usually 3-5) before it reaches the main server. The server replies, which again travels through all those computers and routers before reaching us.

This is why it is called "Onion" Routing — Because each message travels through different "Layers"(Unless "Onion" refers to making the security breaches cry.